Posted in General Science on Nov 29, 2010
The widespread deployment of Rapiscan’s body scanners in major airports around the US has raised concerns about the ionizing radiation doses to traveling public. Rapiscan doesn’t publicly provide dose calculations, but the company does claim that the X-ray screening machines are in compliance with the 2002 ANSI standard (American National Standards Institute), they also says that “Emission Per Scan: Less than 10 microRem” which would translate to <0.1 µSv. But as it turns out, Rapiscan may have significantly under-calculated per scan exposure.
The 2002 ANSI standard calls for effective radiation dose of 0.1 µSv or less per scan per person (interestingly, in 2009 ANSI relaxed that standard and increased the limit to 0.25 µSv). How much is 0.1 or even 0.25 µSv? Well, “Sv” stands for Sievert – a derived SI unit that measures biological absorption of ionizing radiation. The National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements recommends the following annual radiation dose limit for an individual from all radiation sources other than natural background and the individual’s medical care is:
- For members of the public who are exposed continuously or frequently, the recommended annual effective dose limit is 1 mSv (1000 µSv)
- On an infrequent basis, a member of the public may receive more than 1 mSv (1000 µSv). In such a case, the annual effective dose may exceed 1 mSv up to a value of 5 mSv (5000 µSv)
* – the term “infrequent,†in the context used here, should refer to a justified exposure that is not likely to occur often in an individual’s lifetime, with each occurrence justified independently of any other.
As you can see, the Rapiscan Secure 1000‘s 0.1 µSv per person per scan radiation exposure is 10,000x lower than the maximum allowed annual limit.
However, Rez et al. in their recent article “The Dose From Compton Backscatter Screening” [1] estimate that the effective doses maybe be as high as 0.8 – 0.9 µSv which would be make it four times higher the allowed maximum 0.1 µSv per scan (with the assumption of two scans per passenger). The authors do point out that the increased doses to the passengers remains well below the exposure levels that are known to cause harm, but warn:
The major public health effect of concern at low doses of ionising radiation is cancer. There is clear evidence of cancer induction at effective dose above ~200 mSv. Below an effective dose of ~100 mSv radiogenic cancer mortality risk estimates for all cancers is highly uncertain. It is not possible to determine reliably whether a radiogenic risk is present in an X-ray screened population because of the high spontaneous incidence of cancer and the multifactorial nature of disease causation
Based on these findings I will probably have to permanently opt-out or go through L3’s millimeter wave RF machines. Since I was about 9 years old , I’ve been exposed to gamma rays from Cesium-137 (137Cs) at 22 Ci/km2 ( curies per square kilometer) . And don’t forget about radioiodine (Iodine-131 131I), xenon and a bunch of other short half-life isotopes.  Can you guess where I grew up ? :)
References:
1. Â Rez, P., Metzger, R. L. & Mossman, K. L. The Dose From Compton Backscatter Screening. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 1-7 (2010).
half life of augmentin
diltiazem price
patient uk ezetimibe
diclofenac sodium topical gel 1 percent
iezfxc
cozaar best time of day to take
ddavp and aspirin reversal
citalopram hbr 40 mg
depakote mood stabilizer
you hd prono.com ggjinnysflogg.xGKgjf7cZVY
sexy hd porn.com ggjennifegg.o1YqiPglqDW
http://www.free hd porn videos gghkyogg.MiHfkWoMS6G
renexa vs cozaar
depakote delayed release
ddavp production
citalopram erectile dysfunction
escitalopram 10mg used for
side effects of gabapentin
amoxicillin shortage 2022
what is cephalexin 500 used for
alcohol and bactrim
cephalexin 500mg for dogs dosage
how long does it take for bactrim to work
ciprofloxacin ophthalmic for ears
escitalopram 10 mg uses
amoxicillin and potassium clavulanate tablets dose for adults
gabapentin mg
cephalexin cause yeast infection
glucophage monographie
zithromax allergy symptoms
where can i buy lasix water pills online
does gabapentin cause hair loss
sektor benim zaten amin evladi tthighereduhryyy.bOk24a0WKjE
alternative to zoloft
flagyl for yeast infection
escort siteleri vvsetohimalxxvc.Rli9qPBPcHfB
turmeric and lisinopril
furosemide weight loss reviews
sexax eyeconartxx.mYoul36SfRdY
escort siteleri 250tldenemebonusuxx.epudX7mqNqfh
seksi siteler bingoxx.aAHZC80k7gZZ
bahis siteleri sikis mobileidn.4UxZj6HhG0ek
Outstanding feature
BİZİ SİK BİZ BUNU HAK EDİYORUZ 0qbxjluaxcxjsxzz.UESW8m89oTJk
bahis siteleri incest category bxjluajsxzz.wABYPAv3hNK7
anal siteleri bjluajszz.nfUsT1OSekmE
anal siteleri juljulfbi.9GQXkUjLECvW
bahis siteleri incest category hepxhupx.KgLz549664JF
pornhub bahis siteleri hephupx.y1qsSKd7cXV2
seksi siteler asillartaklitler.fWgGEP6ZvxG7
watch porn video pompadirha.khxChkyz9mZy
escort siteleri wrtgdfgdfgdqq.JSCOcaGiRgch
house porn wrtgdfgdfgdqq.PEbN0pAfMBwj
pornhub bahis siteleri wrtgdfgdfgdqq.gGnrJRpEtaKP
am siteleri citixx.owcF5gj8PXbf
cialis super active real online store
sexax vurgunyedim.nmhiOdXKrunD
Piece of writing writing is also a excitement,
if you be familiar with after that you can write or else it is difficult to write.
great post, very informative. I ponder why the
opposite specialists of this sector don’t notice this.
You should continue your writing. I am sure,
you’ve a great readers’ base already!
Nice post. I was checking continuously this blog and I’m impressed!
Very useful information specifically the last part :) I care for
such information a lot. I was looking for this particular info for a very long time.
Thank you and good luck.
What’s up, just wanted to tell you, I loved this article.
It was inspiring. Keep on posting!
Today, I went to the beach front with my kids. I found a sea
shell and gave it to my 4 year old daughter and said “You can hear the ocean if you put this to your ear.” She placed
the shell to her ear and screamed. There was a hermit crab inside and it
pinched her ear. She never wants to go back! LoL I know this
is completely off topic but I had to tell someone!
Write more, thats all I have to say. Literally, it seems as though you relied on the video to make
your point. You obviously know what youre talking about, why
waste your intelligence on just posting videos to your blog when you could be
giving us something enlightening to read?
My brother recommended I might like this web site.
He was totally right. This put up truly made my day. You cann’t imagine
just how much time I had spent for this information! Thanks!
Howdy! This article couldn’t be written any better!
Looking at this post reminds me of my previous roommate!
He always kept preaching about this. I most certainly will forward this article
to him. Pretty sure he will have a good read.
I appreciate you for sharing!
Hi there, i read your blog from time to time and i own a
similar one and i was just curious if you get a lot of spam
responses? If so how do you reduce it, any plugin or anything you can suggest?
I get so much lately it’s driving me insane so any support is very much appreciated.
Hi to every single one, it’s really a pleasant for me to visit this site,
it includes precious Information.
I am not sure where you’re getting your information, but good topic.
I needs to spend some time learning much more or
understanding more. Thanks for fantastic information I was looking for this information for my mission.
Good post. I learn something new and challenging
on blogs I stumbleupon on a daily basis. It’s always exciting to read content from other writers and practice a little something from
other web sites.
trochisks xyandanxvurulmus.R0G83rCjVvSW
xbunedirloooo.ZImVCoyQn7JW
yandanxvurulmus.Y59KjJ0Sjx3K
Психическое здоровье включает в
себя наше эмоциональное, психологическое и социальное благополучие.
Это влияет на то, как мы думаем, чувствуем и действуем.
Оно также помогает определить, как мы справляемся
со стрессом, относимся к другим
и делаем здоровый выбор.
Психическое здоровье важно на каждом этапе жизни: с детства и
подросткового возраста до
взрослой жизни.ние) — специалист,
занимающийся изучением проявлений, способов и форм
организации психических явлений личности в различных областях человеческой деятельности для решения научно-исследовательских и прикладных задач, а также с целью оказания психологической помощи, поддержки и сопровождения.
Terrific work! Thhis is the kind oof informatoon tthat should be shared
ardound the internet. Disgrace on tthe seek
engines for noo linger positioning thi put upp higher!
Coome on over andd iscuss wiith my web sote .
Thaank yyou =)
Hi thre very cool blog!! Man .. Excellent .. Wondergul ..
I will bookmark youyr wweb sitye andd take thee feeds additionally?
I aam glad tto searcch ouut soo many useful infokrmation here inn the
publish, wwe wat wrk oout more strategies on this regard, thank
youu for sharing. . . . . .
Wow, this paragraph is good, myy sister iis analyzing such things, thhs I amm
going tto leet know her.
Very soon this webb page wjll be famous anid
all blogging users, duue to it’s pleasant content
Thanks for sharing your thoughts. I really appreciate your efforts and
I am waiting for your further post thank you once again.
It is advised that you create down the translation next to the words utilizing the dictionary book or
on the internet dictionary in your mother tongue.
This is really attention-grabbing, You’re a very skilled
blogger. I’ve joined your rss feed and sit up for looking for extra of your magnificent post.
Also, I have shared your web site in my social networks
Spot on with this write-up, I actually believe this web site needs much more attention. I’ll probably be
returning to read through more, thanks for the info!
Ukraine? From what I have read about the Chernobyl experience, I agree with the one Russian doctor who suggested the greatest source of morbidity is radiophobia. Certainly, individuals exposed to ionizing radiation (whole body) in the 50r and above range/year are going to be at an increased risk. But, there are people in northern Iran who live with upwards to 400 mrad or more/hour who do not experience any adverse detectable consequences. This is just my opinion.
Mark